Everyone seems to know how oxygen is transported in our blood stream to the muscles, neurons and other tissues of the body it’s perfusion. Do they understand how it happens it though?

The scientist Richard Feynman would challenge this by saying ‘Having a name for a process is not the same as understanding or explaining it’. So I asked how ‘Oxygen Perfusion’ works at the molecular level and found that no one seemed to know.

The real reason for asking this question was a substance called cholesterol sulphate. After months of discussing and defending the magnificent benefits of cholesterol in the cells of our bodies, Dr Stephanie Seneff asked me ‘What do you know about cholesterol sulphate?’  ‘Very little!’ was my response, but this was the start of our amazing biochemical adventure reviewing all literature on the matter and, together with associates, publishing remarkable facts and ideas affecting our everyday health.

The body tissues are constantly returning sulphide into the blood stream. This sulphide was being picked up by red blood cells. The blood cells had oxidising enzymes called eNOS. The name eNOS looked misleading to Stephanie because its product nitric oxide or ‘NO’would be toxic the red blood cell. So could it be misnamed here? It looked capable of oxidising ‘sulphide’ to ‘sulphate’ and it was accompanied by an enzyme that could attach the sulphate to cell membrane cholesterol making our puzzle molecule cholesterol sulphate. Cholesterol’s sulphate was stable for transport, storing additional oxygen and energy – both of which could be released by releasing the sulphate converting it back to sulphide.

‘Cholesterol sulphate’ (C-sulphate)  was reported to sit in the cell wall with its ‘sulphate’ end sticking out and vulnerable to transfer between the red blood cell and the endothelium wall of the capillary. Here we were looking at the solution to the ‘Oxygen Perfusion’ puzzle. 

Hypotheses began to flow and papers were published. The work goes on:
C-sulphate provides sulphate to the glycocalyx coating the capillary walls.
C- sulphate on the blood cells prevents coagulation of the cells.
C- sulphate allows energy and oxygen (sulphate) to transfer safely into the tissues.
Last year we published a paper suggesting that the normal delivery of the cholesterol sulphate to for endothelial maintenance is likely to be a leading explanation and  purpose behind Atherosclerotic plaques.
It may well be that only when such plaques become enlarged, damaged and infected, due to cholesterol sulphate deficiency, that they become thrombotic.